Countries all over the world are running out of fossil resources due to the world’s population growth and the necessity to exploit natural resources to get fossil fuels. Although fossil fuels have long been a significant source of energy, they are unsustainable and harmful to the environment. A cheap, accessible source of environmentally safe agricultural waste has never been more important for biofuel production. Biofuels are cheap, environmentally benign, renewable, and biodegradable. They are created by microbes from discarded lignocellulosic biomass. Agricultural waste conversion into biofuel does not improve food security, but it does aid in waste management, stop environmental deterioration, and ensure energy security. The goal of the current project is to investigate the production of biofuels from agricultural waste, with a focus on bioethanol, biohydrogen, biomethane, biochar, and biodiesel for diverse uses. The classifications of these fuels based on the raw material and the liquid, solid, and gas states, as well as based on the physical state, are first, second, and third generation biofuels, which are explained in this study. As a result, wastes generated by agricultural processes and activities have value and can help achieve the goal of affordable and accessible worldwide renewable energy.
